One problem I've encountered in building a bibliographic database is the different ways author names are written. For example, for papers I've authored my name may be written as "Roderic D. M. Page" or "R. D. M. Page". Googling about this problem I came across Dror Feitelson's paper On identifying name equivalences in digital libraries.

Stumbled across the cool AgeNames service, described on the stratigraphy.net blog. Agenames takes some text and extracts stratigraphic terms from text. For example, it will extract geological time periods from text. It's a geological equivalent of uBio's taxonomic name extraction services. It would be fun to play with this as part of the iPhylo project.